The Hippos - Heads Are Gonna Roll free essay sample

As I listen to the first track on The Hippos sophomorealbum, Heads Are Gonna Roll, the sounds of an upbeat pop ska riffwith blaring horns shoot to my ear. My head nods along as the song progresses tothe chorus and beyond. All of a sudden, the sounds of a keyboard synthesizer findtheir way out of the speaker, giving the song an entirely different feel. Notonly am I listening to an excellent band, but one that is original in its sound.Im hooked. Recently signed to Interscope Records, this five-piece bandgives the word catchy a new meaning. Lyrics about puppy love,heartbreak and the need to change paired with upbeat music make every song one ofthose that gets stuck in your head. The synthesizer is a nice surprise, givingthe whole album a retro-?s feel. As a matter of fact, they do a remake of the?s song Always Something There To Remind Me by Naked Eyes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hippos Heads Are Gonna Roll or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Irecommend this band to anyone interested in ska or unique sounds. Heads AreGonna Roll is an awesome album, packed full of fun tunes that will make youwant to head for the record store.

Concussion Paper Essay Example

Concussion Paper Essay Example Concussion Paper Essay Concussion Paper Essay The brain is a very delicate and complex organ It is located inside the head and controls everything we do from movement our five senses emotions thoughts memory breathing our heartbeat digesting food and our speech The brain is made of a gelatin like substance and is protected by cerebrations fluid and the skull So imagine what would happen to our brain if it would get damaged Anything that our brain controls could be altered either temporarily or permanently Brain injury kills more individuals under the age of twenty than any other cause combined Brain injury caused by head trauma is the greatest killer under the age of fort five and the greatest cause of disability in people under froufrou . Ithaca College) This head trauma is called a Concussion When a person suffers a concussion the brain suddenly shifts or shakes inside the skull and can hit against the skulls bony surface A hard hit to the body can result in an accelerationdeceleration injury when the brain brushes against pro truding pa arts of the inner skull There are also other forces that can cause a rotational injury where the brain twists , potentially shearing of the brains nerve fibers In either case neural pathways in the brain can come damaged and cause neurological disturbances On impact the brain bumps into the interior of the skull where it is hit as well as on the opposite side resulting in damaging bruises at two different sites in the brain called coup and the contractor . Concussions involve more than just the primary injuries . They have secondary injuries that appear several hours or days after the trauma . These injuries quite often cause significant longer effects, include brain damage cognitive defects psychosocial/behavioral/emotional changes and bodily damage It is currently unknown what exactly happens to the brain cells but t appears that there is a change in the chemical function . This puts the cells in a very vulnerable State Notes the actual structure of the brain tissue but how the brain is working . During this time period the brain is not functioning normally and is more susceptible to a second he d injury Concussions are a result of a collision with another object This collision can be either direct or an indirect hit to the head or body Sometimes a blow to the head can lead to bleeding in or around the brain causing prolonged drowsiness and confusion that can develop right away or take a few days to appear Bleeding can be very fatal and will require monitoring in the hours afterward and emergency care if symptoms worsen There are many risk factors that can lead to a concussion . Contact sports like football hockey soccer rugby and boxing Volleyball baseball tennis and softball all include the opportunity for a ball to hit an athlete in the head which can result in a head In the United States there are approximately three hundred thousand concussions suffered by at helmets a year and thirteen percent of them happen in practice . (Ithaca College, Concussion Facts) Why are sport s the leading cause of concussions? Well to help put this into perspective a bit; the NFG has claimed that the average player will receive an estimated nine hundred to fit en hundred blows to the head per season A tackle from a stationary player is twenty miles per hour . The impact speed of a hit from a professional boxer is twentieth miles per hour . A header in soccer is approximately seventy miles per hour (Concussion F-acts) Others that may be more prone to the risk may include vehicle collisions pedestrian or bicycle accidents soldiers involved in combat victims of physical abuse and those who have had a previous concussion . It is also very Common for young children or older adults to become concussed after a bad fall . Nearly half a million emergency room visits are children ages zero to fourteen with traumatic brain injuries Symptoms can vary from person to person. They can be subtle and not mime dilated apparent or they can show right away No two concussions are the same so signs and symptoms can be a little different Symptoms can last for days weeks or even longer More immediate symptoms involve headache or a feeling of pressure in the head temporary loss Of consciousness confusion or feeling as if youre in a fog amnesia surrounding the event dizziness or seeing stars or black spots ringing in the ears nausea vomiting slurred speech delayed response to questions appearing dazed and fatigue Symptoms that are most likely to be delayed are concentration and memory complaints irritability and other personality changes sensitivity to light and noise sleep disturbances psychological adjustment problems and depression and disorders of taste and smell Sometimes it can be hard to determine if a young child has a concussion or n to . Some of the common concussed children symptoms are similar to the symptoms of tee thing . If there is ever any doubt monitor them closely and take them to a doctor Children may experience Listlessness and tiring easily irritability and crankiness dazed appearance, loss of balance and unsteady walking excessive crying, change in eating and/or sleeping patterns and a lack of interest in their favorite toys Seeking emergency care as soon as severe symptoms occur can be the differed once between prolonged symptoms and permanent brain injury If the individual is experiencing repeated a loss of consciousness lasting longer than thirty seconds , a headache that gets worse over time major changes in behavior hanged in physical coordination such as stumbling or clumsiness confusion or disorientation with recognizing people or places , slurred speech or other changes in the speaking patter seizures vision or eye disturbances like dilated pupils or unequal size lasting or recurring dizziness obvious difficulty with mental function or physical coordination symptoms that worsen over t ime and any large head bumps or bruises in areas other than on the forehead which is especially important in infants under towel eve months . It is extremely important for parents coaches and athletic trainers to keep an eye on their athletes Approximately sixty percent of teens who suffered a concussion did not fee el that it was serious enough to tell an adult It is assumed that if you are knocked unconscious your concussion is worse than if you are not Only ten percent Of all concussions involve a loss Of (11 facts) In fact some athletes have been knocked unconscious and didnt have any lasting problems My sister was playing basketball at the gym She went for a lay-up but got her legs took from under her and landed on her head . The guys that were with her said she was knocked unconscious She missed the last three months of school due to headaches but since then as not had any problems There are about seven major complications that can occur with a head injury . The first is Epilepsy people who have had a concussion double their risk Of developing epilepsy w tit the first five years after the injury The second is the cumulative effects of multiple brain injuries . Individuals who have had multiple concussive brain injuries over the course o f their lives may acquire lasting even progressive impairment that limits their ability to function Thirdly some people begin having postcolonial syndrome which involves headaches , dizziness and thinking faculties a few days after a concussion The symptoms can continue for weeks or even months after the concussion The fourth complication would be postgraduates headaches . Some people experience headaches within a week to a few months after their injury . Individuals can also experience postgraduates vertigo up to months after a concussion which is a s ensue of dizziness or spinning Number six on the list is the second impact syndrome . Some people may experience a second concussion before signs and symptoms of a first concussion have re solved . This can result in rapid and usually fatal brain swelling Often times with brain swelling the individual will feel a sense of pressure in their head and even some cerebrations fluid I sneaking out of their ears and/or nose And lastly on the list of major complications would be the levels of the brain chemicals They are usually altered after a concussion and it can take about a week for t hem to stabilize again Going to see a licensed health professional about a concussion is usually a go odd idea not matter how serious the brain injury is The doctor will perform a series of simple tests . First they will do a neurological examination This will involve testing vision hearing strength and sensation balance coordination and then reflexes A cognitive exam will be next and test the ability to recall information concentration and memory After these two exams are done the doctor may ask for imaging tests A cranial computerized tomography (CT) scan uses a series of grays to read the jurisdictional images of your skull and brain .

Organisational Change Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Organisational Change - Case Study Example Since its inception in 2003, the company found itself as relatively young in the industry. However it emerged as a market leader in the industry going over 225 destinations with 6 cruises. The company has taken the necessary strategies to ensure that it responds to the external changes in the industry. It is one of the leading players currently in the cruise industry and has been able to create a competitive edge in the industry which many operators have not been able to create although they have been in the industry for along time now. The company is serving more than 2050 passengers going for journeys of more than 100 nights in the sea. The company has already expressed its interest in Asia and European markets.Like other companies P & O Cruise was challenged by the changes that were taking place in the external environment. Let us look at some of the changes that led to implementation of the current changes in the operation of the company that affected the tourism industry. One of the security threats that have affected the industry has been the issue of terrorism. The attacks by IRL in Britain’s transport industry have been one of the threats that the industry has been facing. Many people have feared that the attacks would be diverted from railway travelling system to the cruise industry. But the September 11 attack in the US affected the industry in a way that all people feared travelling. The subsequent attack of the British Railway system on July 7th was like a final blow to the industry. There were record low booking in the cruise industry. Social changes The cruise industry has been led by the social changes taking place in the market. Changes in customer's preference have been instrument in instating social changes that have affected the operations of the cruise industry. Since 1997, it has been observed that there has been more preference to group and family travelling in the cruise industry. Technological changes Cruise industry has been forced to respond to technological changes that directly or indirectly affects the industry. Since 1997, technology has reduced face to face business transaction especially in making the bookings. Many people also take their holidays and at the same time continue with their business. Environmental changes There have been changes in the marine pollution laws that have made the industry to put in place new strategies in order to manage these changes and operate within the new marine pollution laws. Several laws have been put in place by International Maritime Organization which has affected the industry. Political and government policies New legislation concerning the maintenance of ports and the subsequent new changers that have been put in place has been a challenge to the industry. Acts like Crimes at Sea Act 2000 and others like Admiralty Act has continued to be a challenge for the industry. (Jolene 2000, p. 4)) Political stability has been a big challenge for the

Touched by a Vampire Named Angel by Lynn Schofield - The Appropriatene Personal Statement

Touched by a Vampire Named Angel by Lynn Schofield - The Appropriateness of the Science Fiction Genre to the Target Audience - Personal Statement Example The above-named program targets the teenagers and young adults rather than the blanket population. Historically, the westerns type of movies could only appeal to the older generation of the audience because they were the only group that had an idea about the culture that was depicted in the films. However, the science fiction likes the one under this discussion appeals to the teenagers and the young adult group because this group is highly liberal. The use of vampires in films has especially every now and then been criticized by the older generations specifically due to the strong connection that the older generation attaches between vampires and the end times as prescribed by most religions (Clark 3). The older generations often tend to be very religious and are also guided by various religious principles in their daily lives. The teenage and young adult group is however different. First of all, this group is liberal. Majority of teenagers and young adults hold liberal religious beliefs and therefore do not find science fiction films to conflict with their religious beliefs. Secondly, even among the very religious persons among the target group, they treat science fiction as just entertainment. This is important because they can, therefore, watch films with strong religious connotations without being offended or questioning the motives of the producers because they take films as meant for entertainment purposes. Hence, this ta rget group can watch films that have vampires as the heroes without taking it as being an abomination. Looking at the second question posed in the introduction regarding the significance of the vampire named â€Å"Angel†, one has to keenly follow the actions, the thoughts and words of the character. Although being a vampire, Angel is not wicked and his actions, thoughts and words are consistent with a being that is caring especially to the human beings who easily may be harmed by the vampire population.  Ã‚  

Problem statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Problem statement - Essay Example This problem will guide the research study in understanding the situation of the students, especially with regards to the different semesters of their Bachelor’s degree. In addition, the organization of the research study will have to incorporate the students’ input and requires their cooperation, especially in order to match the different semesters in their degree course to different degrees of motivation. These problems, therefore, requires that the study investigates a group of students over different semesters in their school years. The research question for this study will be; what is the degree of motivation for nursing students across different semesters of their Bachelor’s degree course? Twenty students will be chosen at random from each year of the nursing course, which will make sixty students, and they will be studies across the three semesters of their school year. The research methodology will be a quantitative one with data collected using questionnaires that have a scale of 0 to 10, which will range from not motivated at all to highly motivated, respectively. The data will then be stored in a computer-based database for further Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, or SPSS, analysis. The independent variable for this study will be the degree of motivation that the students, while the dependent variable will be the different semesters that the students attend during the course of their school year. For this study, the non-directional hypothesis will be that there is a significant difference in the motivation of nursing students during different semesters of their degree course. The directional hypothesis will be that motivation of nursing students score more highly during the first semester and during the last semester. The reason these hypotheses were reached is that, it is expected that motivation of nursing

Enterprise Collaboration Tool Analysis

Enterprise Collaboration Tool Analysis Abstract: Enterprise Collaboration Tool is rethinking how technology can help companies manage customer relationships. ECT, the market leading CRM application, delivers a feature-rich set of business processes that enhance marketing effectiveness, drive sales performance, improve customer satisfaction and provide executive insight into business performance. Supported by deep collaboration and administration capabilities that adapt to how your company operates, ECT is delighting customers of all sizes across a broad range of industries. Enterprise Collaboration Tool is a powerful modular Internet/Intranet application framework. It features a scheduler, Meetings, Messaging, address book, file upload and download and feedback. Everything is designed to collaborate online. Objective Effective planning and scheduling of time bound work and monitoring the work done by the employees and effective use of online system to communicate and collaborate with the members of other centers of a decentralized organization. Scope System with adaptability to any organization to monitor the work done by people with respect to time and also assigning work. Features Captures daily work done by employees Provides communication module. Summary reports on work done by employees. Attendance report based on the entered work details. Online work log entry and work assignment. Address book to store the contact numbers and personal info Scheduler to keep mark notes on a particular day. Feedback, which ensures the management to look up the comments by the employee. Uploading and downloading facility Information about all the existing branches of the organization. The newsletters regarding the day-to-day affairs of the organization. The proposed Enterprise Collaboration Tool consists of a login screen from which the users and administrator could logon in to the system. In this System, the users are given different roles. Each role is associated with some services. The various roles are administrator employee, programmers etc. Admin is the head of all branches and is responsible for user management and branch administration. The Enterprise Collaboration Tool process starts with the creation of users and mapping their roles from the administrator login. The system will maintain the check-in time and checkout time daily and will allow the users to enter their worklog daily and has a provision to enter the yesterdays worklog details also (exemption given to enter backlogs of previous day). Company Profile: Verza Soft is quickly emerging as an innovative and essential business software applications development resource. Since 1985, Verza Soft has provided custom design, implementation and support solutions to a variety of information management industries and business environments. Experienced and intuitive, the professionals at Verza Soft understand how fast technologies change and we remain committed to solving the unique information management application challenges of todays business world while developing and evolving strategies for tomorrows. With over twenty combined years of professional software development experience, the principals at Verza Soft are business applications authorities. As specialists, weve learned to anticipate individual client application needs and design software suites to complement virtually every hardware technology. We offer 24-hour customer service and employ a qualified team of trainers, technicians and creative designers who assist in developing the comprehensive, user-friendly software programs that distinguish Verza Soft as the perfect answer to the often puzzling questions inherent in contemporary information management technologies. Weve been working on an offshore development model from day 1 and have perfected the process of onsite-offshore interaction over the past seven years. Our services are highly cost effective enabling our clients to get the best value for their money Working primarily within Sun family of productsto combine expert use of hardware technology and state-of-the-art software, Verza Soft is ware its at! From software programming and applications development including custom Internet integration to system architecture and technical design, through continuous support solutions, Verza Soft pieces together todays information management puzzle to create optimal, full integrated, interactive packages that best meet global business demands. Working one-on-one, we can develop innovative applications that not only satisfy your specific business requirements, but also complement your companys investment in essential information management technologies. Were dedicated to making you look good custom design ware by Verza Soft its the solution that fits! Verza Soft understands the significance of a good quality assurance (QA) process for creating world-class products. With hundreds of person-years of experience in the field of testing, it has expertise in the development and execution of tests for applications in the client/server, internet/web and the mobile space, using both automated and manual methodologies. Functional testing verifies whether a product/application performs as per specifications System Analysis: Existing System Here the existing system is nothing but a manual system using which the administrator task from the main branch becomes more complex to prepare schedules for all the employees working in different branches and sent them manually and tracking their status. Generating the different reports by co-relating different things is a tedious process. In this system the sub center individually manually maintains their database regarding employees daily work log, scheduled work, progress of work, attendance, leaves, payments etc.. and sends reports to the main centre through email attachments or by post. Unless and until the main centre manager receives reports from sub centers, he is unable to take decisions regarding employees and their salary, promotions, meetings, daily schedules, scheduled projects, customer details etc. Drawbacks: Doesnt provide effective co-ordination between different branches Doesnt provide role based security for the data Generating different kinds of reports becomes more complex Doesnt provide effective communication for our employees with in the company Doesnt allow the administrator to monitor overall activities of the company. These drawbacks of the existing system leads to the present web based application called Enterprise Collaboration Tool. There by the management is now relieved from all tensions from which they faced previously. Proposed System The proposed system is a software solution for the existing system. It is a powerful modular Internet/Intranet application framework which provides good co-ordination between our branches and allows the administrator to effectively track activities of the company. It features a scheduler, Worklog, Meetings, Messaging, address book, file upload and download and feedback. Everything is designed to collaborate online. Advantages: Provides effective co-ordination between different branches regarding work schedules through scheduler and worklog facilities. Improves the quality in planning and managing works Generating different reports will be very easy Provides a facility for the administrator to track overall activities of the company Provides good communication channel for the employees to interact with in the company Provides upload and download facilities to share the documents Provides a facility to collect the feedback from the employees Provides a facility for the employees to maintain the contacts in their address book. Feasibility Steady Feasibility steady is an important phase in the software development process. It enables the developer to have an assessment of the product being developed. It refers to the feasibility study of the product in terms of out comes of the product, operational use and technical support required for implementing it. Feasibility study should be performed on the basis of various criteria and parameters. The various feasibility studies are: Economic Feasibility Operational Feasibility Technical Feasibility Economic Feasibility: It refers to the benefits or outcomes we are deriving from the product as compared to the total cost we are spending for developing the product. If the benefits are more or less the same as the older system, then it is not feasible to develop the product. In this product if we have developed this application then the amount of time spent in preparing the schedules, sending it different branches and monitor the work will be reduced which indirectly increases the production for the company. Operational Feasibility: It refers to the feasibility of the product to be operational. Some products may work very well at design and implementation but may fail in the real time environment. It includes the study of additional human resource required and their technical expertise. This application will also work in any environment with out any problems since we are implementing this project in java language. Technical Feasibility: It refers to whether the software that is available in the market fully supports the present application. It studies the pros and cons of using a particular software for the development and its feasibility. It also studies the additional training needed to be given to the people to make the application work. For this project we need not recruit any additional staff to make use of this application. If we train our staff for one hour then it will be enough to work with application. Since this application uses the softwares which are already used by the company so that the company need not purchase new software to run this project. Software and Hardware Requirements: HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: Pentium IV processes architecture 1. 512 MB RAM. 2. 160 GB Hard Disk Space. 3. Ethernet card. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS Database : Oracle 10g XE Web Server : Apache Tomcat 5.0 Front end : JSP / Servlets, J2SDK 1.5, HTML, Java Script Functional Requirements Non Functional Requirements: Functional Requirements The main purpose of functional requirements within the requirement specification document is to define all the activities or operations that take place in the system. These are derived through interactions with the users of the system. Since the Requirements Specification is a comprehensive document contains a lot of data, it has been broken down into different Chapters in this report. But the general Functional Requirements arrived at the end of the interaction with the Users are listed below. A more detailed discussion is presented in the Chapters, which talk about the Analysis Design of the system. The system holds the details of the employees and their braches. It holds the schedules of different employees of the company. It holds the details of all works done by the employees. The system allows the administrator to manage different users. It also allows the administrator to prepare the schedules and assigns them to different employees. It allows the administrator to post the meeting details which will be displayed for all the employees. It allows the employees to store the customer contacts in their address book. It allows the administrator and employees to share the documents using upload and download facilities. It allows the employees to post their feedback It allows the administrator to view customer feedbacks. It allows the administrator to broadcast the news information It allows the employees to send a message to other employees or a group of employees at once. It allows the administrator to view work pending report NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS: The non-functional requirements consist of Constraints. Guidelines. Constraints These are the requirements that are not directly related to the functionality of the system. These should be considered as mandatory when the system is developed. The following Constraints were arrived at for the system: The system should be available over the intranet so that the Users like the administrator employees can use the system from their respective locations which could be with in the company. For gaining entry into the system the employees should be registered by the administrator and should be able use login passwords for gaining access to the system. The users should be able to change their passwords for increased security. The system should be easy to understand and organized in a structured way. The users should also receive appropriate messages about any errors that occur. There should be no limitation about the hardware platform that is to be used to run the system. Data integrity should be maintained if an error occurs or the whole system comes down. Guidelines We have discussed mandatory requirements in the previous section. The requirements in this section should be taken as suggestions they should be thought of as recommendations to further enhance the usability of the system. The system should display a menu for users to choose from. The system should display users requests in a reasonable time. Services of the system should be available 24 hours a day. The system should be designed in such a way that it is easy to enhance it with more functionality. It should be scalable easily maintainable. Execution Methodology Methodology The different phases of the implementation of the project here is Phase 1 Business Process Requirements analysis Phase 2 System Requirements Specifications Phase 3 Design and Development Phase 4 Testing Debugging Phase 5 Implementation Phase 1 Business Process Requirements analysis Business Process Requirements analysis is the phase when the relevant business area is studied in detail. This process brings out the gaps between the existing systems and identifies the areas where the business operations should be modified, keeping in view the way it needs to be carried out to encounter the problems during this phase the required documents are prepared defining the existing and required setup for the project Phase 2 System Requirements Specifications The information about the requirements is collected which contains the information about the current user system and the proposed system as seen from the user perspective. At the end of this phase a detailed requirement specification document is prepared and approved. Phase 3 Design and Development In this phase the framework for the design of the proposed product is designed to meet the requirements specifications documented. The product is developed as per the framework to meet the objectives of the system requirement specifications approved. Phase 4 Testing Debugging This phase contains the preparation of test cases and the standards of testing. The end users using the dummy User Ids carry out the testing. Phase 5 Implementation The project enters the implementation phase when the product is ready to be implemented/piloted on the production environment and after thorough training to all the end users the product is implemented Project Estimates The estimated time lines for completing the implementation of the application identified and its approach is enumerated as below Phase Duration in weeks 1 Business Process Req.Analysis 2 System Requirements Specifications 3 Design and Development 4 Testing Debugging 5 Implementation Dubious use of the System If the user is deliberately going to handle the system improperly, like he can enter incorrect time/out or he may submit wrong worklog or feedback. The System is to be further developed to countercheck the employees entries with that of the local authorities. System Design: Logical Design Design for WebApps encompasses technical and non-technical activities. The look and feel of content is developed as part of graphic design; the aesthetic layout of the user interface is created as part of interface design; and the technical structure of the WebApp is modeled as part of architectural and navigational design. Dix argues that a Web engineer must design an interface so that it answers three primary questions for the end-user; Where am I? The interface should (1) provide an indication of the WebApp has been accessed and (2) inform the user of her location in the content. What can I do now? The interface should always help the user understand his current options- what functions are available, what links are live, what content is relevant. Where have I been; where am I going? The interface must facilitate navigation. Hence it must provide a â€Å"map† of where the user has been and what paths may be taken to move else where in the WebApp. Design goals- the following are the design goals that are applicable to virtually every WebApp regardless of application domain, size, or complexity. Simplicity Consistency Identity Visual appeal Compatibility. Design leads to a model that contains the appropriate mix of aesthetics, content, and technology. The mix will vary depending upon the nature of the WebApp, and as a consequence the design activities that are emphasized will also vary. The activities of the Design process; 1. Interface design-describes the structure and organization of the user interface. Includes a representation of screen layout, a definition of the modes of interaction, and a description of navigation mechanisms. Interface Control mechanisms- to implement navigation options, the designer selects form one of a number of interaction mechanism; a. Navigation menus b. Graphic icons c. Graphic images Interface Design work flow- the work flow begins with the identification of user, task, and environmental requirements. Once user tasks have been identified, user scenarios are created and analyzed to define a set of interface objects and actions. 2. Aesthetic design-also called graphic design, describes the â€Å"look and feel† of the WebApp. Includes color schemes, geometric layout. Text size, font and placement, the use of graphics, and related aesthetic decisions. 3. Content design-defines the layout, structure, and outline for all content that is presented as part of the WebApp. Establishes the relationships between content objects. 4. Navigation design-represents the navigational flow between contents objects and for all WebApp functions. 5. Architecture design-identifies the overall hypermedia structure for the WebApp. Architecture design is tied to the goals establish for a WebApp, the content to be presented, the users who will visit, and the navigation philosophy that has been established. a. Content architecture, focuses on the manner in which content objects and structured for presentation and navigation. b. WebApp architecture, addresses the manner in which the application is structure to manage user interaction, handle internal processing tasks, effect navigation, and present content. WebApp architecture is defined within the context of the development environment in which the application is to be implemented. J2EE uses MVC architecture; 6. Component design-develops the detailed processing logic required to implement functional components. Modules: Scheduler Work Log Module: User Management Branch Management Module: Communication Module (Messages, Meetings, Notices Module News): Address Book Feedback Module: Reports Scheduler Work Log Module: This module helps in preparing the work schedules and monitors work simply by sitting at the main branch. It provides user friendly screens which include calendars to select the date. Once the administrator has added the work to the schedule then it will displayed to all the employees in all the branches. It will be easy for an employee now to know his work schedule, complete it and intimate it to the administrator by entering the work details in the work log so that the administrator can monitor easily. User Management Branch Management Module: This module helps the administrator to add new branch details to the database, edit the existing branch details and delete the branch. It also provides a facility to the administrator to add the employee details and create the logins for the required employees, edit the user details and the delete the user information from the database. Communication Module (Messages, Meetings, Notices Module News): This module provides a facility to the employees to communicate each other very easily by sending the messaged in this application. The messages provides options to send a message to another employee, view the message list, open a message a message, delete a message and send a message to all the employees in a group at a time. This module provides a facility to the employees to know the details of the meetings which are going to be conducted just by clicking view meeting details option in meetings link. The users can also post the meetings details at any point of time. This module provides a facility to the employees to send the notices prepared by one branch to another branch then these people can upload the notice document and that will be downloaded by another branch people. It is just like sharing the documents across the branches. This module helps the administrator to post the news details which will be displayed to all the users when ever they logged in. Address Book Feedback Module: This module provides a facility to the employees to store their individual contact details in the address book. It allows us to add, edit and delete the contact details in the address book. This module helps the users to post their feedback about a policy which was implemented by company from online and allows the administrator to view the feedbacks posted by all the employees. Reports: This module allows the administrator to view different kinds of reports according to his requirement. It generates the reports based on employees, employee work report, groups reports and employee report. Physical Design UML Diagrams Data Dictionary Data Modeling Overview A data model is a conceptual representation of the data structures that are required by a database. The data structures include the data objects, the associations between data objects, and the rules which govern operations on the objects. As the name implies, the data model focuses on what data is required and how it should be organized rather than what operations will be performed on the data. To use a common analogy, the data model is equivalent to an architects building plans. A data model is independent of hardware or software constraints. Rather than try to represent the data, as a database would see it, the data model focuses on representing the data as the user sees it in the real world. It serves as a bridge between the concepts that make up real-world events and processes and the physical representation of those concepts in a database. Methodology There are two major methodologies used to create a data model: the Entity-Relationship (ER) approach and the Object Model. Data Modeling In the Context of Database Design Database design is defined as: design the logical and physical structure of one or more databases to accommodate the information needs of the users in an organization for a defined set of applications. The design process roughly follows five steps: planning and analysis conceptual design Logical design Physical design implementation The data model is one part of the conceptual design process. The other, typically is the functional model. The data model focuses on what data should be stored in the database while the functional model deals with how the data is processed. To put this in the context of the relational database, the data model is used to design the relational tables. The functional model is used to design the queries, which will access and perform operations on those tables. Components of a Data Model The data model gets its inputs from the planning and analysis stage. Here the modeler, along with analysts, collects information about the requirements of the database by reviewing existing documentation and interviewing end-users. The data model has two outputs. The first is an entity-relationship diagram which represents the data structures in a pictorial form. Because the diagram is easily learned, it is valuable tool to communicate the model to the end-user. The second component is a data document. This is a document that describes in detail the data objects, relationships, and rules required by the database. The dictionary provides the detail required by the database developer to construct the physical database. Why is Data Modeling Important? Data modeling is probably the most labor intensive and time consuming part of the development process. Why bother especially if you are pressed for time? A common response by practitioners who write on the subject is that you should no more build a database without a model than you should build a house without blueprints. The goal of the data model is to make sure that the all data objects required by the database are completely and accurately represented. Because the data model uses easily understood notations and natural language, it can be reviewed and verified as correct by the end-users. The data model is also detailed enough to be used by the database developers to use as a blueprint for building the physical database. The information contained in the data model will be used to define the relational tables, primary and foreign keys, stored procedures, and triggers. A poorly designed database will require more time in the long-term. Without careful planning you may create a database that omits data required to create critical reports, produces results that are incorrect or inconsistent, and is unable to accommodate changes in the users requirements. Summary A data model is a plan for building a database. To be effective, it must be simple enough to communicate to the end user the data structure required by the database yet detailed enough for the database design to use to create the physical structure. 1) Table Name: LOGIN_TWM NAME DATA TYPE SIZE PRIMARY USER ID VARCHAR 10 PASSWORD VARCHAR 10 FNAME VARCHAR 15 LNAME VARCHAR 10 ADDRESS VARCHAR 40 PHONE NUMBER 15 MAILID VARCHAR 25 GROUPID VARCHAR 8 CREATED_DATE_TIME DATE LASTUSED_DATE_TIME DATE BNAME VARCHAR 15 2) Table Name: LOGINOUT_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY USER ID VARCHAR 10 L_DATE DATE 3) Table Name: MESSAGES_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY SENDERID VARCHAR 15 RECEIVERID VARCHAR 15 M_DATE DATE SUBJECT VARCHAR 15 MESSAGE VARCHAR 50 4) Table Name: GROUPS_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY GROUPID VARCHAR 15 GROUPNAME VARCHAR 15 5) Table Name: GROUPUSERS_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY GROUPID VARCHAR 15 USERID VARCHAR 15 6) Table Name: MEETINGS_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY M_DATE DATE M_TIME VARCHAR 10 PURPOSE VARCHAR 20 AGENDA VARCHAR 50 CONCLUSIONS VARCHAR 50 7) Table Name: SCHEDULAR_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY USERID VARCHAR 15 S_DATE VARCHAR 25 SCHEDULE VARCHAR 50 8) Table Name: ADDRESSBOOK_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY LOGINID VARCHAR 25 USERID VARCHAR 25 FNAME VARCHAR 15 LNAME VARCHAR 15 ADDRESS VARCHAR 45 PHONENO NUMBER 15 OFFICEADD VARHCAR 45 OFFICEPHONE NUMBER 15 9) Table Name: WORKLOG_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY USERID VARCHAR 10 W_DATE DATE SLOTTIME VARCHAR 15 TASKS VARCHAR 45 10) Table Name: FEEDBACK_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY W_DATE DATE L_TIME VARCHAR 8 SUBJECT VARCHAR 15 COMMENTS VARCHAR 45 11) Table Name: NEWS_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY M_DATE DATE NEWS VARCHAR 49 12) Table Name: NOTICEBOARD_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY UNAME VARCHAR 15 FNAME VARCHAR 15 FCONTENT BLOB POSTED_DAT DATE MSGID NUMBER 4 13) Table Name: DOWNLOAD_TWM NAME DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY UNAME VARCHAR 15 FNAME VARCHAR 45 FCONTENT BLOB POSTED_DAT DATE MSGID NUMBER 4 14) Table Name: BRANCH_TWM NMAE DATATYPE SIZE PRIMARY BRANCH_CODE VARCHAR 15 BRANCH_NAME VARCHAR 25 E-R Diagram Technological Requirements: HTML HTML, an initialism of Hypertext Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for web pages. It provides a means to describe the structure of text-based

NIKE and Child Labor Essay examples -- Business Management

NIKE and Child Labor Nike Company started in 1984, in Portland Oregon by Tinker Hatfield, a former pole-vaulter and architect. Hatfield worked his way into the shoe industry. He got his idea from Converse’s in the early 1970’s slogan, Limousines for the Feet. In Hatfield believe our culture have a lot of interest in shoes, just as much as our culture back in the 1950’s were interested in owning cars. They began introducing their Nike shoes and products to the society by images of people and things like the production of the Nike Air Jordan. This product was named after Michael Jordan. Michael Jordan is the best basketball player and biggest star at that time. In advertisement, Michael Jordan would show us a quick lay up to the goal or a fast break away from an opponent while wearing the Air Jordan. This high top basketball shoe gave an image of speed and quick moves to a younger group of viewers. With this in mind, Hatfield and associates learned that a product had to be able to have implied performance. Know Nike is doing well in the United States. The minute the market accepted their products they started looking for alternative to minimize their cost and to increase their profit. A lot of reason caused that to happen, one of them the labor cost over here in the U.S, is higher than it is in the other countries like (China, Indonesia, Vietnam†¦etc). An estimated 200 million Children around the world go to work every day. Their ages ranges between 5 and 17 years. According to the International Labor Organization, nearly 171 million children are engaged in unsafe work environment, of which 111 million are younger than 15. Some 8.4 million children are trapped in the worst forms of child labor, including slavery, t... ...ause of the cheep labor and the benefit that heir companies gain in term of profit for example the shoes cost them in labor about $1.90 a day to produce, but on the other hand it will cost them about $6.35 an hour in the US. Therefore children are trapped going to work because governments and international agencies do not put enough priority into education and because globalization without a social dimension allows crooked employers to profit from exploiting children. In my opinion I think that the International Labor Organization, OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), and WTO (World Trade Organization) should work hand to hand to create and in force soon kind of rules to protect these kids from this kind of iron grip. References: 1. http://www.aflcio.org/issuespolitics/globaleconomy/children.cfm 2. http://www.american.edu/TED/nike.htm.

Importance of customer care Essay

It shows a great deal of professionalism when a company takes good care of its customers, both internally and externally. Professional employees will most likely deal with clients in a professional manner, with the right communication, with respect and a genuine attitude. A good customer service will help the company: To keep loyal clients – develop trust To gain new clients To develop a good referral To develop within its employees a sense of proudness and loyalty The main objective of communicating is to send a message the most effective way as possible and to make sure it is received the way it was intended to. In communication, there are many barriers to overcome: a good standardised communication within the organisation will help to deal with those problems. Communication is a two-way process: 1. What we say and how we say it: 1.1. Intention of sender: right information in the right format 1.2. The message: method of communication. 1.3. Receiving the message: receptiveness of the person receiving the message 2. What and how the message is received and perceived: 2.1. Message interpretation: has the message been properly understood? 2.2. Feedback: has the communication been successful? To achieve an effective communication, the organisation and its management must clearly communicate the rules and guidelines established by the company. Standardised communication will help with: Consistency Equality Bring knowledge of what to do in any circumstances Establish boundaries Communicating with people, both internal or external of the organisation, is not only a matter of using the right guidelines or rules; an important part of the communication is also to consider your audience in order to adapt your communication and convey your message for a better reception. Knowing who you are talking to will avoid assumption, and will help you understand their needs and motivations. Communication is a combination of 4 mediums: 1) The written communication 2) The verbal communication 3) The non-verbal communication 4) Listening 1) What is important in written communication? The accuracy of the words To be clear To be legible To do proof reading 2) What is important in verbal communication? To use a formal or informal way of speaking according to your audience To use the appropriate language: choose the right style To make sure to use the right pace: not too fast, not too slow To use the right tone of voice To speak at a good distance from your audience: physical proximity 3) What is important in non-verbal communication? The signs and signals of body language Movements, gestures, facial expressions, shifts, body positioning The way of being dressed, the hairstyle, tattoos The tidiness of the working place 4) What is important in listening? To listen properly a person you need to stop what you are doing: give importance to the person you are communicating with While listening appear interested Listen actively and ask questions Truly listening helps to avoid misinterpretation To communicate more effectively, one should pay attention to its body language: the non-verbal communication is as important as any verbal or written communication as it conveys a message of its own, an emotional state. Failing to provide a good customer care will prevent the organisation to be successful and to expand. But it will also create stress among people working for the organisation, leading to unhappiness and unprofessionalism. The golden rule of the PA should be: â€Å"Mind what you say,   who you are talking to  and how you are communicating†

Should Students Be Required to Wear Uniform Essays

Should Students Be Required to Wear Uniform Essays Should Students Be Required to Wear Uniform Essay Should Students Be Required to Wear Uniform Essay Essay Topic: Students Should School Uniforms be Required? When thinking about a uniform you think of a police officer or maybe even someone in the military, but what about uniforms in school? Today, there are more schools than ever that are considering switching to uniforms to keep things equal and professional throughout the student body, but is it fair to make restrictions to students on being able to express themselves personally? Students may feel like they are being cheated on personalization and freedom to express who they are but the safety and security of the student body is more important than expression of style. The school system is struggling more and more each day to maintain a sense of security and organization with the ever growing concern of bullying, crime rates, sexual distractions, and social inequalities. Uniforms will help create a more controllable and relaxed atmosphere for students and school employees alike. We live in a materialistic world where people are always looking to judge individuals on the clothes he or she is wearing. The world has put extreme pressure on our kids to wear curtain name brands in order to fit in. A child that has to worry if other kids are going to laugh or make fun of them because of the clothes he or she is wearing takes away from that child’s learning experience. The stress of school work is enough and no child should have to worry about being made fun of because he or she is not wearing those brand name clothes. Large cities have crime issues that just involve kids wanting the more expensive clothes and that causes problems for the other children who are wearing them; the students have to worry about those items getting stolen or fighting other kids for their clothing. This problem has even got the attention of former President Bill Clinton in saying, â€Å"School uniforms are one step that may be able to break this cycle of violence, truancy, and disorder in our school systems† (Chen, 2008). The use of school uniforms will also minimize the gang activity by not being able to wear gang colors or symbols on clothing. School uniforms also will help school officials identify those individuals that do not belong on school property, by visually seeing the difference in clothing. In 1994, when the California school district of Long Beach implemented school uniforms, the fights and muggings at school decreased by 50% this static alone makes it safer to send your children to public schools. Another example would be Ruffner Middle School in Norfolk, the number of discipline referrals decreased by 42% once uniforms were enforced (Chen, 2008). In 1995 South Shore Middle School in Settle Washington reported in the first year uniforms were implemented the demeanor in the school has improved 98%, an increase in attendance rates and higher student achievement (Grauke, 2005). The main goal of any school is to have children wanting to attend school and continue the commitment to learn. The school uniform is a sign of equality and has increased the commitment and pride in a school and the student body. A school should be able to look upon the students and know that they are all there equally and treat each child just as equal. A good example of treating children equally is the no child left behind program that is now in place for public schools. The idea is to not separate the children who have learning disabilities but to weave them into classes with additional teachers so they don’t feel separated and segregated. School uniforms will only help all students feel equal and fairly treated when implemented in the correct manner. The cost of uniforms is also a topic that has been brought up, that it will somehow cause needy families to feel pressured into purchasing something they cannot afford. The idea is to help keep their children from being picked upon and ridiculed for the clothing that they do wear. Several school systems even have grants from local foundations that cover the $25 dollar cost of uniforms for families that cannot afford to buy them. The government and several other agencies are here to help you if you need it to purchase uniforms; there are even department stores that run specials on uniform attire because they are aware of the need. The school and government are only looking out for the best interest of the child and that is what should be the most important topic. A student that is constantly ridiculed and picked upon will go into depression and seal themselves off from the learning environment. When a child goes into depression and it is not treated or noticed what will the outcome be? A student that I went with was so picked on so much and made fun of for what he could not afford that he ended up killing himself just because no one seemed to care. The school did not step in and defuse the tension between him and the other students. With school uniforms in place it would have helped make a difference, I am not saying it could have fixed or stopped what happen but it may have been a life changing experience for him. A problem that people are trying to say that will come with converting all schools to uniforms is the transition from adolescent to adult. The child with a lack of self expression will not be able to identify who they truly are as an adult. The individual will face the criticism and pressure as an adult instead of a child. When it comes to self expression a child is still structured by what they wear by their parents. The parent of a child is the one who ideally purchases and makes the choice is this appropriate for my child and should they wear this. A child who chooses what they wear to school without structure will more than likely make a poor decision; a teenage girl may go to school with a low cut shirt and shorts that are not really covering much. When a child makes a choice like that it can only lead to distractions within the class. A teenage boy may get the wrong idea about the girl and then try to influence her into doing things that they should not be doing. The type of situation can them lead to a sexual harassment charge or even rape. A school structure with a uniform in place will only help keep students focused on learning and less on the opposite sex. Today there are more and more students who are being diagnosed with ADD (Attention Defecate Disorder). The students who are struggling to learn are being distracted by several different issues thru out the day. Classes are busy, loud at times, several different teachers, and keeping up with what is going on between each peer group is also a lot to deal with. The distraction of what is popular to war and who is wearing what can be eliminated by implementing the school uniform policy. With the increase of ADD or ADHD in students would this not make it just a little bit easier for them to concentrate on what is important, they already struggle with so much in today’s environment. The student who has this disorder is already stressed and pressured enough by peers and teacher alike, the uniform would be one less thing they have to worry about each day. When student’s get up in the morning the choice has already been made and it would make it for them to remember their school work and what is important instead of what am I going to wear today. Each and every student should be able to freely express themselves in and out of class; when I think of expressing myself I consider art, music, or even writing a poem or book. Expression is not limited to just the clothing an individual wears. Many people would say that it is against the 1st amendment to implement such a rule, but we all wear a uniform to work of some kind. A uniform does not limit who you are; it just helps promote a good structure and balance in a school learning environment. When an individual goes into a shopping center he or she looks at the employees and expect a clean uniform and it does not have to a blue polo and khaki pant uniform but clothes without holes in them. The person should have a clean shirt and name tag to identify them and show professionalism. What harm would it cause to do this in school to help form a better future for our students and prepare them just a little bit more for the real world. There are several countries who have already applied school uniforms in their system and they seem to excel in educational programs compared to American students. This will only give us a fighting chance to keep up with the changing world around us and to keep our children safe as well. In conclusion of the topic of school uniforms, not everyone will be happy but the results from test in public school system are staggering. The idea of expressing yourself personally thru clothing is something that can be done outside of classroom. Students come to school each day to socialize and become future presidents, lawyers, doctors, and even teachers; making sure we keep them focused on their future and not the latest fashion has to be a priority. Our children need to under the importance in receiving a great education and school uniforms are one major piece of the puzzle.

The Roots of Colorism, or Skin Tone Discrimination

The Roots of Colorism, or Skin Tone Discrimination How does  colorism  play out in America? An old children’s rhyme captures the definition of colorism and its inner workings: â€Å"If you’re black, stay back;If you’re brown, stick around;If you’re yellow, you’re mellow;If you’re white, you’re all right.† Colorism refers to discrimination based on skin color. Colorism disadvantages dark-skinned people  while privileging those with lighter skin. Research has linked colorism to smaller incomes, lower marriage rates, longer prison terms, and fewer job prospects for darker-skinned people. Colorism has existed for centuries, in and out of black America. Its a persistent form of discrimination that should be fought with the same urgency as racism. Origins In the United States, colorism has roots in slavery, because slave owners typically gave preferential treatment to slaves with fairer complexions. While dark-skinned slaves toiled outdoors in the fields, their light-skinned counterparts usually worked indoors at far less  grueling domestic tasks.   Slave owners were partial to light-skinned slaves because they often were family members. Slave owners frequently forced slave women into sexual intercourse, and light-skinned offspring were the telltale signs of these sexual assaults. While slave owners didnt officially recognize their mixed-race children, they gave them privileges that dark-skinned slaves didnt enjoy. Accordingly, light skin came to be viewed as an asset in the slave community. Outside the United States, colorism may be more related to class than to white supremacy. Although  European colonialism has undoubtedly left its mark worldwide, colorism is said to predate contact with Europeans in Asian countries. There, the idea that white skin is superior to dark skin may derive from ruling classes typically having lighter complexions than peasant classes. While peasants became tanned as they labored outdoors, the privileged had lighter complexions because they didn’t. Thus, dark skin became associated with  lower classes and light skin with the elite. Today, the premium on light skin in Asia is likely tangled up with this history, along with cultural influences of the Western world. Enduring Legacy Colorism didn’t disappear after slavery ended in the U.S.  In black America, those with light skin received employment opportunities off-limits to darker-skinned blacks. This is why upper-class families in black society were largely light-skinned. Soon, light skin and privilege were linked in the black community. Upper-crust blacks routinely administered the brown paper bag test to determine if fellow blacks were light enough to include in social circles. â€Å"The paper bag would be held against your skin. And if you were darker than the paper bag, you weren’t admitted,† explained Marita Golden, author of Don’t Play in the Sun: One Woman’s Journey Through the Color Complex. Colorism didn’t just involve blacks discriminating against other blacks. Job advertisements from the mid-20th century reveal that African-Americans with light skin clearly believed their coloring would make them better job candidates. Writer Brent Staples discovered this while searching newspaper archives  near the Pennsylvania town where he grew up.  In the 1940s, he noticed, black job seekers often identified themselves as light-skinned: â€Å"Cooks, chauffeurs, and waitresses sometimes listed light colored as the primary qualification- ahead of experience, references, and the other important data. They did it to improve their chances and to reassure white employers who†¦found dark skin unpleasant or believed that their customers would.† Why Colorism Matters Colorism yields real-world advantages for individuals with light skin. For example, light-skinned Latinos make $5,000 more on average than dark-skinned Latinos, according to Shankar Vedantam, author of The Hidden Brain: How Our Unconscious Minds Elect Presidents, Control Markets, Wage Wars and Save Our Lives.  A  Villanova University study of more than 12,000 African-American women imprisoned in North Carolina found that lighter-skinned black women received shorter sentences than their darker-skinned counterparts. Research by Stanford psychologist Jennifer Eberhardt found that darker-skinned black defendants were twice as likely as lighter-skinned black defendants to get the death penalty for crimes involving white victims. Colorism also plays out in the romantic realm. Because fair skin is associated with beauty and status, light-skinned black women are more likely to be married than darker-skinned black women. â€Å"We find that the light-skin shade as measured by survey interviewers is associated with about a 15 percent greater probability of marriage for young black women,† said researchers who conducted a study called â€Å"Shedding ‘Light’ on Marriage.† Light skin is so coveted that whitening creams continue to be best-sellers in the U.S., Asia, and other nations. Mexican-American women in Arizona, California, and Texas have reportedly suffered mercury poisoning after using whitening creams to bleach their skin. In India, popular skin-bleaching lines target both women and men with dark skin. That skin-bleaching cosmetics persist after decades signals the enduring legacy of colorism. Sources Golden, Marita. Don’t Play in the Sun: One Woman’s Journey Through the Color Complex. Anchor, 2005.Staples, Brent. As Racism Wanes, Colorism Persists. The New York Times.Vedantam, Shankar. Shades of Prejudice. The New York Times.

Graduate Admission Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Graduate Admission - Essay Example de is a huge cause for alarm and in third word countries the levels are reaching catastrophic levels in areas such as Asia, Africa and parts of Europe. In particular I have seen the results of a worsening chronic and infectious diseases outbreak in Haiti following an earthquake which has left 1.3 million people homeless. Haiti has a population of 9.7 million people and only 1 in 5 persons has a job. Malnutrition is a massive problem and there are 200,000 people living with HIV. Only half of the children are protected against basic diseases such as measles and diphtheria through vaccination. I have seen vision on news items and documentaryçâ€" ´ of the work being done by doctors and nurses in these areas and I have developed a strong desire to be part of that environment. I truly long to be able to help those the people in areas such as Haiti. Pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH) or Toxemia is a field that I have developed a personal interest in as it was a condition that I suffered from during my own pregnancy. I can see myself being of special assistance when caring for pregnant women in countries such as Haiti and therefore have a deep seated need to learn more about Hypertension during pregnancy and its treatment, this is also a driving force toward my ambitions. These areas would be an ideal place for me to perform community service in schools. Sex education in these third word countries where sexually transmitted diseases are rampart would be essential in helping their society to progress. I would love to be involved with the teaching of these children about these diseases, the benefits of abstinence and safe sex. I have a long term plan, and this isnt just a school boy type dream to one day be a fireman but a definite plan in my life, to run my own clinic in a third world country. I would like to work with full autonomy in a clinic were I am caring for troubled and unfortunate people such those in Haiti. This is a situation which I would totally love to be

LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (520) Case Study

LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (520) - Case Study Example 171). In order to foster good relationship with the customers, it is imperative that the employees know how the customers form perceptions, what factors play a role in affecting their perceptions about the salespersons or the company’s products for the better and worse, and what behaviors in the salespersons are appreciated by the customers. Since statistics are available that reflect that the employees who have had good terms with the customers have outperformed their coworkers in terms of sales, understanding the process of formation of perceptions and development of attributed by the customers becomes very important for Joe’s employees. Suitability of Leaning Theories Several learning theories are suitable for Joe to apply in this situation that include but are not limited to operant conditioning learning theory and social learning theory. While there are certain theories that apply more in the case under consideration as compared to others, none can be completely re futed as most learning theories apply at least to some extent. ... Employees come in the company and try their fortune by executing their individualistic behaviors; for some, it works whereas for others, it does not. Employees are only able to find out the impact of their behaviors on their ability to make sales after they have executed their behaviors as part of the company’s workforce. Likewise, since the employees are provided with the opportunity to earn certain commission on the list price, they are motivated to make more sales to make more commission which makes it obvious that the reward is tied to the performance, thus justifying the suitability of the operant conditioning theory for Joe in this case. On the other hand, the social learning theory is also suitable for application in this case because many behaviors are learnt by the employees in the workplace. For example, employees can witness that their coworkers who have fostered good relations with the customers are able to make more sales as compared to other employees who do not manage to develop as good relations with the customers. Having observed this, employees feel intrinsically motivated to take steps to develop good relations and association with the customers. However, certain end up achieving this successfully whereas others fail to develop good relations with the customers, and the social learning theory provides rationale for this difference. According to social learning theory, while people may observe what behaviors lead to success in a particular setting, it is not imperative that this learning brings a change in their behavior. Although the employees know the importance of fostering good relationships with the employees, yet they fail to enhance their sales because this learning did not cause them to